Furthermore, we demonstrate that 5hmC levels at least partly contribute to the discrepancy between bisulfite and nanopore sequencing. We show that the methylation prediction at regions with discordant DNA methylation patterns, intergenic regions, low CG density regions, and repetitive regions show room for improvement across all tools. The seven tools exhibit different performances across the evaluation criteria. We evaluate the per-read and per-site performance of CpG methylation prediction across different genomic contexts, CpG site coverage, and computational resources consumed by each tool. We compare seven analytic tools for detecting DNA methylation from nanopore long-read sequencing data generated from human natural DNA at a whole-genome scale.
Here, we assess the performance of different methylation-calling tools to provide a systematic evaluation to guide researchers performing human epigenome-wide studies. A growing number of analytical tools have been developed to detect DNA methylation from nanopore sequencing reads. To disable FN Lock, press the FN key, and the Caps Lock key at the same time again.Nanopore long-read sequencing technology greatly expands the capacity of long-range, single-molecule DNA-modification detection. To enable FN Lock on the All in One Media Keyboard, press the FN key, and the Caps Lock key at the same time. Prints the file that is in the active window.Įnabling FN Lock on the All in One Media Keyboard Saves the file that is in the active window. Starts checking the spelling in the active document, if the document's program has a spelling checker. Sends the e-mail message that is in the active window. Replies to the e-mail message that is in the active window.įorwards the e-mail message that is in the active window. Opens a document in programs that support this command.Ĭloses the document or file that is in the active window. Opens the Help system (if any) for the active window.Ĭreates a new document in programs that support this command.
You can reassign many of them using Microsoft Mouse and Keyboard Center. The following table specifies the default key assignments for the alternate command keys. When the F Lock light is On, standard functions work (F1, F2, and so on). When the F Lock light is Off, alternate functions work (Help, Undo, and so on). If your keyboard has an F Lock key, press it to toggle between the standard commands and alternate commands. You can press and hold Fn while pressing keyboard letters M, J, K, L, U, I, O, P, /,, and 0 to match the physical layout of a numeric keypad. You can also press and hold Fn while moving your finger up and down on the navigation pad to scroll within a document.
On keyboards with an Fn key, hold down Fn and press the key to use the alternate commands. In some programs, the function of a standard command and an alternate command may be the same (for example, F1 typically displays Help for the active window, and on some keyboards, the alternate command for F1 is also Help). Alternate commands are labeled on top of the keys (such as Redo). Standard commands are labeled on the front of the keys (such as F3). This includes the top row of standard function keys (F1–F12). Keys with an Fn key or F Lock provide two sets of commands for many keys.